(1)

Because of the growing number and diversity of devices for wireless access systems including radio local area networks (‘WAS/RLANs’) and rising connection speeds and data traffic volumes, there is a need to harmonise new spectrum resources for the provision of wireless broadband via WAS/RLANs in addition to the spectrum already available on a non-exclusive basis in the 2,4 GHz (2 400-2 483,5 MHz) and 5 GHz (5 150-5 350 MHz and 5 470-5 725 MHz) frequency bands. Additional spectrum for WAS/RLANs should support the wide channels required for many applications (including videoconferencing, downloading media, telemedicine, online learning and gaming, augmented reality and virtual reality) which need a large bandwidth in order to achieve gigabit speeds. Such applications have also become increasingly important in the coronavirus crisis.

(2)

In accordance with the Commission strategy on the European Gigabit Society (2), all main socio-economic drivers (including schools, transport hubs and main providers of public services) as well as digitally intensive enterprises should have access to internet connections with download or upload speeds of 1 gigabit of data per second (Gbit/s) by 2025. All households in the Union should have internet connections with a download speed of at least 100 Mbit/s which can be upgraded to 1 Gbit/s.

(3)

The regulatory framework for WAS/RLANs operating in the 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band, that is to say, the lower 6 GHz frequency band, should improve wireless connectivity in the Union and allow the internal market to benefit from a spectrum resource potentially available worldwide, thus generating large economies of scale for equipment manufacturers. The lower barriers to accessing spectrum resulting from a harmonised regulatory framework will facilitate large-scale deployment of interoperable WAS/RLANs-capable devices and access points, which should serve as an important connectivity infrastructure for services that complement mobile internet services provided by mobile network operators. The recommended framework identifies two WAS/RLANs use cases in the 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band as follows: (i) low power indoor (‘LPI’) the use of which is restricted to and permanently located in buildings, trains with metal coated windows and aircraft; and (ii) very low power (‘VLP’) which can be used indoor and outdoor. The VLP outdoor use is intended to cover short-range applications for small area direct communications.

(4)

In accordance with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulations (3), the 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band is allocated to the mobile service, the fixed service (‘FS’) and the fixed-satellite service (‘FSS’) on a primary basis in all three Regions of the ITU. The 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band is used by satellite Earth stations on board vessels, FSS Earth stations, FS systems (point-to-point), passive sensors (satellite), short-range devices (radiodetermination) and ultra-wideband applications.

(5)

Considering the value of WAS/RLAN applications in contributing to the Gigabit Society objectives, the technical and operational conditions applicable to any new application to be potentially introduced in the future into the 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band or into adjacent frequency bands should take into account the need for the continued use of WAS/RLAN in the 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band under the harmonised technical conditions of this Commission Implementing Decision.

(6)

The 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band is also used by medium or high capacity, long distance fixed terrestrial links (point-to-point), including for the backhauling of data traffic in mobile broadband networks. In some Member States the deployment of urban rail intelligent transport systems (‘ITS’), including communication based train control (‘CBTC’), is authorised in parts of the 5 905-5 935 MHz frequency band, and in one Member State it is authorised in the 5 925-5 975 MHz frequency band. Urban rail ITS in the 5,9 GHz frequency band, which are subject to the conditions in the Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1426 (4), allow the safe and efficient management of urban rail operations.

(7)

On 19 December 2017, in order to identify additional spectrum for WAS/RLANs, the Commission issued, pursuant to Article 4(2) of Decision No 676/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (5), a mandate to the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (‘CEPT’) to study the feasibility of, and identify harmonised technical conditions for, the use of WAS/RLANs in the 5 925-6 425 MHz frequency band for the provision of wireless broadband services.

(8)

In accordance with that mandate, CEPT published two reports: (i) Report A (CEPT Report 73): ‘Assessment and study of compatibility and coexistence scenarios for WAS/RLANs in the band 5 925-6 425 MHz’ (6 March 2020) and (ii) Report B (CEPT Report 75): ‘Harmonised technical parameters for WAS/RLANs operating on a coexistence basis with appropriate mitigation techniques and/or operational compatibility/coexistence conditions, operating on the basis of a general authorisation’ (20 November 2020). The studies carried out by CEPT indicated that the coexistence of WAS/RLANs with CBTC systems and road ITS would be technically feasible subject to suitable measures such as a guard band and requirements on in-band or out-of-band emissions, or both, applicable to WAS/RLANs. Those elements would mean that the spectrum available to WAS/RLANs could not include the entire 5 925-6 425 MHz frequency band. Sharing and compatibility studies conducted by CEPT in accordance with the mandate have shown that the coexistence between WAS/RLANs (LPI, VLP) and existing usages (FSS Earth stations and terrestrial FS deployments (fixed links)) in the 5 945-6 425 MHz frequency band is feasible, subject to a number of conditions to ensure adequate protection of existing usages in and adjacent to that 5 945-6 425 MHz band from harmful interference originating from WAS/RLANs equipment. It may be necessary to revise the limit which has been set as the maximum mean equivalent isotropically radiated power density for out-of-band emissions below 5 935 MHz for VLP WAS/RLANs devices. Therefore, a review should be carried out by 31 December 2024, on the basis of CEPT’s response to a mandate issued by the Commission pursuant to Article 4(2) of Decision No 676/2002/EC.

(9)

The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Radio Spectrum Committee,